Forensic Biology Laboratory

In our Forensic Biology Laboratory, we integrate onsite biological evidence collection with in-lab examination, ensuring a meticulous approach to biological investigations.

Our process begins with the careful collection, preservation, and transport of biological materials from crime scenes to the lab, including bloodstains, hair, tissues, and bodily fluids.

Upon arrival at the laboratory, our forensic biologists employ advanced techniques to identify the samples and do their profiling.

We conduct meticulous examinations to determine the species origin, individualize biological sources, and establish connections between individuals and crime scenes using state-of-the-art instruments.

We also perform serological analysis for the identification of blood types and the presence of other bodily fluids, following strict quality control measures and forensic standards to ensure the reliability of results for legal and investigative purposes.

Our laboratory is equipped with cutting-edge technology and employs skilled experts who can help solve crimes and identify perpetrators, contributing to justice.

Determining the Presence of Blood: This involves identifying, examining, and analyzing the presence of blood in provided exhibits or evidence recovered from crime scenes. Experts conduct various chemical tests to analyze blood presence, aiding in victim identification and supporting criminal investigations.

Determining the Presence of Semen: This process focuses on identifying and analyzing the presence of semen in provided exhibits or evidence from crime scenes. Experts perform both presumptive and confirmatory tests to determine semen's presence, with its existence suggesting recent sexual assault, such as rape, without the victim's consent.

Extraction of DNA from Blood, Semen, and Hair: DNA is extracted from biological samples like semen, hair, and blood to identify offenders or perpetrators. DNA extraction from semen samples is particularly crucial in rape or sexual assault cases and sometimes also assists in solving paternity dispute cases. DNA reports play a vital role in individualizing victims or accused individuals and are more accurate than other tests.

Comparing Extracted DNA to That of the Suspect: Extracted DNA from biological samples, like blood, semen, and hair, is compared with the DNA of the suspect to verify whether the accused committed the assault or offence. This comparison is also relevant in resolving paternity disputes.

Determination of Blood Group from Fresh and Dried Blood: It involves tests to determine the blood group of an exhibit, whether from dried blood at a crime scene or fresh blood from suspects to confirm their presence at the crime scene. This determination is essential in cases like road accidents where blood is readily available as evidence.

Species Identification: This involves identifying the species and categorizing it as either from the Plantae or Animalia kingdoms. Forensic botany and zoology experts provide valuable evidence for criminal investigations by identifying and examining suspected illegal plants, weeds, tree bark, insects, and other biological evidence. Also, it assists in identifying wood in cases of an accident with a tree and is performed by identifying and differentiating distinct species from their traditional morphological features.

Fibre Analysis: It includes identification and analysis of the type of fiber obtained from evidence and helps in linking the perpetrator to the crime scene by providing clues about their presence. The physical properties of the fiber exhibit are examined to identify and compare suspected fibers with known ones collected from the crime scene and preserved using methods like tweezers or tape lifting.

Miscellaneous: Our organization offers various additional services, including component determination from any compound, analysis of bite marks, examination of post-mortem reports, analysis of lip prints, and more.

Blood Group Testing Kit: This blood group testing kit includes anti-A, anti-B, and anti-D serums to determine the blood group from an exhibit. The process is based on the principle of agglutination, where the red cells' typing antigen reacts with the corresponding antibody in the reagent, revealing the presence of the tested antigen.

Centrifuge Machine: This machine separates and concentrates materials present in a liquid medium. It operates on the principle of sedimentation, with heavier particles settling as pellets in a centrifuge tube and lighter ones floating as supernatants.

Ultraviolet Fluorescence Cabinet: This serves as a germicidal lamp and decontaminates work surfaces by killing microorganisms. It is also used to observe biological sample stains, such as blood and semen.

Analytical Balance: This equipment, commonly used in biology and chemistry labs, can accurately measure small masses, even in the sub-milligram range. It is used to weigh chemical substances, exhibits, insects, animals, and centrifuge tubes in ultracentrifugation experiments.

Microscope: This instrument observes small specimens in detail through resolution and magnification. It is valuable in biology for studying organisms, hair samples, blood grouping agglutination, and species identification.

Hot Air Oven: It is an electrical device widely used in biology and microbiology labs to sterilize and decontaminate lab materials and equipment through dry heat conduction.

Incubator: It is an electric device commonly found in biology, microbiology, and chemistry labs for providing heat treatment to samples for drying and activating enzymes and substances at a specific temperature.